A citation loop occurs when an organisation's published findings are corroborated primarily by sources that share governance, funding, or authorship with the original publisher — creating a closed evidential circuit that amplifies a claim without adding independent support.
The report under evaluation cites outside support for a claim, count, or framing.
The source shares governance, funding, authorship, data custody, or advocacy infrastructure.
The citation is presented as independent corroboration without adding independent verification.
The map groups publishers, cited sources, and governance or amplification actors into stable lanes. Hover a loop ID to isolate its relationships, or hover a node to inspect its immediate connections.
CITATION_LOOPS at build time, so the map remains visible before JavaScript loads.
CSOH cites India Hate Lab and Hindutva Watch as independent corroboration for its incident counts.
Path CSOH → India Hate Lab → Hindutva Watch → Shared Founder
The 2018 Caste in the United States report relies primarily on an earlier (2016) Equality Labs internal survey as its evidentiary foundation.
Path Equality Labs → EL 2016 Survey
IAMC and affiliated organisations submit testimony and briefings that feed into USCIRF's evidence base for India assessments.
Path USCIRF → IAMC → Justice For All
Savera's three investigation reports form a self-citation chain published across 2024.
Path Savera → PRA → Hindutva Watch
A pattern enters the registry only when supported by documentary evidence: IRS 990 filings, state registrations, co-authorship records, funding relationships, or public governance disclosures.
Source A cites Source B as corroboration; Source B cites Source A. Neither provides independent evidentiary grounding.
Two or more sources cited as independent share board members, officers, or founders established through public filings.
A report's primary quantitative claims rest on data produced by the same organisation with no independent audit or replication.
The citing and cited organisations share a funder or grantor relationship undisclosed in the report.